Access Ranking

The Access Ranking indicates how much access to mental health care exists within a state. The access measures include access to insurance, access to treatment, quality and cost of insurance, access to special education, and mental health workforce availability. A high Access Ranking (1-13) indicates that a state provides relatively more access to insurance and mental health treatment than those ranked 39-51.

The eight measures that make up the Access Ranking include:

  1.  Adults with SUD Who Needed But Did Not Receive Treatment
  2. Adults with AMI who are Uninsured
  3.  Adults Reporting 14+ Mentally Unhealthy Days a Month Who Could Not See a Doctor Due to Costs
  4.  Adults with AMI with Private Insurance that Did Not Cover Mental or Emotional Problems
  5.  Youth with MDE Who Did Not Receive Mental Health Services
  6.  Youth with Private Insurance that Did Not Cover Mental or Emotional Problems
  7.  Students (K+) Identified with Emotional Disturbance for an Individualized Education Program
  8.  Mental Health Workforce Availability
StateRank
Vermont1
Maine2
Massachusetts3
District of Columbia4
Rhode Island5
Oregon6
New York7
New Hampshire8
Connecticut9
Pennsylvania10
Wisconsin11
Ohio12
Iowa13
Minnesota14
Washington15
New Mexico16
Colorado17
Indiana18
Virginia19
Kentucky20
New Jersey21
Michigan22
Idaho23
Maryland24
Illinois25
Utah26
Hawaii27
Delaware28
Louisiana29
Montana30
Alaska31
Missouri32
Wyoming33
California34
Kansas35
South Dakota36
Nebraska37
North Dakota38
Oklahoma39
Florida40
Arkansas41
West Virginia42
Tennessee43
North Carolina44
Nevada45
Alabama46
Georgia47
Arizona48
South Carolina49
Mississippi50
Texas51

Adults with AMI Who Are Uninsured

10.1% of adults (over 5.9 million people) with a mental illness are uninsured, compared to 9.3% of adults without a mental illness.

In 2022, 64% of adults who were uninsured said that they did not have health insurance because they could not afford it.

The state prevalence of uninsured adults with mental illness ranges from 2.60% in the District of Columbia to 22.90% in Texas.

StateRankPercentageNumber
District of Columbia12.60%4,000
Vermont23.40%5,000
Oregon34.40%43,000
Maine44.50%12,000
Rhode Island54.50%11,000
Hawaii64.60%12,000
Wisconsin74.70%48,000
Maryland84.90%55,000
New Hampshire94.90%13,000
New York105.00%162,000
New Mexico115.20%22,000
Massachusetts125.30%68,000
Virginia135.40%80,000
Kentucky145.60%44,000
Pennsylvania155.80%133,000
Iowa166.40%45,000
New Jersey176.40%84,000
Idaho186.50%27,000
Michigan196.50%115,000
Indiana206.60%84,000
Delaware217.10%11,000
Colorado227.20%88,000
Connecticut237.50%42,000
Louisiana247.50%64,000
Ohio257.50%164,000
Arkansas267.80%40,000
California277.80%522,000
Alaska287.90%10,000
Washington297.90%137,000
Nevada308.70%55,000
Utah318.70%64,000
Minnesota329.10%100,000
Illinois339.30%197,000
Nebraska349.40%33,000
Missouri359.50%127,000
West Virginia3610.50%41,000
Arizona3710.60%132,000
Montana3811.80%27,000
South Dakota3912.40%19,000
Tennessee4012.80%182,000
North Dakota4112.90%18,000
Kansas4213.50%70,000
South Carolina4313.60%111,000
Alabama4414.40%132,000
Florida4514.90%516,000
North Carolina4615.50%271,000
Oklahoma4716.10%121,000
Georgia4818.70%351,000
Wyoming4919.70%24,000
Mississippi5022.80%111,000
Texas5122.90%1,068,000
National10.10%5,916,000

Adults with SUD Who Needed But Did Not Receive Treatment

Over three-quarters (76.9%) of all adults with a substance use disorder did not receive the treatment they needed.

Most adults with SUD who sought or thought about receiving treatment reported they didn’t because they thought they should have been able to handle their drug or alcohol use on their own (75.4%).

This was followed by: Not ready to start treatment (58.6%), not ready to stop or cut back using alcohol or drugs (48.4%), thought it would cost too much (47.7%), and did not know how or where to get treatment (47.3%).

The state prevalence of adults with SUD with unmet treatment needs ranges from 67.24% in West Virginia to 83.99% in Illinois.

StateRankPercentageNumber
West Virginia167.24%224,000
Kentucky269.57%500,000
Wyoming370.11%71,000
Arkansas470.51%324,000
Maine570.55%165,000
Tennessee671.39%765,000
Indiana771.49%688,000
Kansas871.54%299,000
Mississippi971.62%299,000
Alabama1072.15%510,000
New York1172.59%2,331,000
South Dakota1272.88%100,000
Pennsylvania1372.90%1,505,000
Montana1473.01%149,000
Missouri1573.11%766,000
Iowa1673.30%356,000
Utah1773.67%300,000
Idaho1873.74%225,000
Massachusetts1973.87%873,000
New Mexico2074.15%278,000
Oklahoma2174.44%479,000
Ohio2274.57%1,542,000
New Jersey2374.91%1,008,000
Michigan2474.98%1,251,000
District of Columbia2575.02%124,000
Nebraska2675.19%213,000
South Carolina2775.64%585,000
Vermont2875.70%92,000
Florida2975.97%2,329,000
New Hampshire3076.54%175,000
Louisiana3177.15%615,000
Virginia3277.45%1,006,000
North Dakota3377.62%94,000
Wisconsin3477.65%723,000
Colorado3578.36%907,000
Minnesota3678.40%757,000
Hawaii3778.52%151,000
Texas3878.54%3,099,000
Connecticut3979.14%478,000
Rhode Island4079.32%190,000
Delaware4179.32%129,000
Nevada4279.33%470,000
Washington4379.53%1,116,000
North Carolina4479.56%1,217,000
Arizona4579.59%894,000
Oregon4679.91%691,000
Maryland4780.01%691,000
Georgia4880.36%1,245,000
Alaska4981.51%109,000
California5082.77%4,963,000
Illinois5183.99%1,624,000
National5276.90%39,692,000

Adults with AMI with Private Insurance That Did Not Cover Mental or Emotional Problems

10.2% of adults who experienced a mental illness in the past year had private health insurance that did not cover mental or emotional problems.

The state prevalence of adults with AMI whose private insurance did not cover mental or emotional problems ranges from 3.60% in Vermont to 24.70% in Mississippi.

StateRankPercentageNumber
Vermont13.60%3,000
Washington23.70%30,000
Rhode Island33.80%5,000
Ohio45.80%65,000
Maryland56.10%35,000
New York66.10%100,000
District of Columbia76.60%6,000
Virginia86.60%54,000
Massachusetts96.70%47,000
Oregon106.90%36,000
Iowa117.00%25,000
Alaska127.20%4,000
Maine137.40%9,000
Indiana148.00%51,000
Wisconsin158.00%49,000
Colorado168.10%57,000
Delaware178.80%7,000
New Hampshire188.80%14,000
Georgia198.90%75,000
Illinois209.30%98,000
Kansas219.40%26,000
Michigan229.40%80,000
Kentucky239.50%31,000
New Jersey249.50%78,000
South Dakota259.60%8,000
California2610.30%316,000
Nevada2710.30%30,000
Connecticut2810.80%35,000
New Mexico2911.00%20,000
Hawaii3011.10%13,000
Tennessee3111.10%69,000
Minnesota3211.30%66,000
Missouri3311.30%73,000
Pennsylvania3411.40%135,000
Florida3511.80%194,000
Idaho3611.80%28,000
Louisiana3712.00%33,000
Utah3812.70%62,000
Arkansas3912.90%27,000
Wyoming4013.10%7,000
Oklahoma4113.20%41,000
North Carolina4213.40%109,000
Arizona4313.80%76,000
Alabama4415.80%66,000
North Dakota4515.90%13,000
Texas4616.50%350,000
Montana4716.70%14,000
South Carolina4816.80%58,000
Nebraska4917.60%39,000
West Virginia5020.00%23,000
Mississippi5124.70%42,000
National10.20%2,929,000

Adults Reporting 14+ Mentally Unhealthy Days a Month Who Could Not See a Doctor Due to Costs

24.58% of adults who reported experiencing 14 or more mentally unhealthy days each month were not able to see a doctor due to costs. This was a 2% increase over last year’s report.

High costs of mental health care are a critical barrier to access. In 2022, 58.9% of adults with a mental illness in the past year who sought or thought they should receive mental health care said the reason they did not receive it was because they thought it would cost too much.

The prevalence of adults with 14+ mentally unhealthy days a month who could not see a doctor due to cost ranges from 12.88% in Hawaii to 34.95% in Georgia.

StateRankPercentageNumber
Hawaii112.88%16,793
Rhode Island213.90%18,748
Vermont315.04%12,752
Massachusetts415.84%127,266
Oregon517.44%103,696
Connecticut618.34%75,156
Delaware718.37%20,855
New Mexico818.49%48,170
Pennsylvania918.66%283,014
Wisconsin1018.84%138,097
Maine1118.85%33,832
Iowa1219.10%63,036
New Hampshire1319.41%36,583
Michigan1419.45%253,407
Maryland1519.48%134,072
Minnesota1619.55%125,782
New York1720.25%480,099
California1820.26%855,786
New Jersey1920.75%204,236
District of Columbia2020.87%15,247
West Virginia2121.17%62,187
Virginia2221.25%232,815
Washington2321.35%213,394
Indiana2421.90%190,222
Colorado2522.16%161,822
North Dakota2622.27%18,476
Ohio2722.76%375,207
South Dakota2822.90%19,731
Montana2923.00%32,700
Nebraska3023.52%42,413
Illinois3124.54%327,839
Alaska3225.15%20,818
Kentucky3325.28%141,765
Idaho3426.02%56,813
Louisiana3526.14%181,572
Arizona3626.25%245,891
Utah3727.74%110,845
Kansas3827.83%97,880
Florida3927.91%733,717
Tennessee4028.19%309,054
Missouri4129.17%236,191
South Carolina4229.22%186,625
Oklahoma4329.71%159,026
Arkansas4430.37%142,055
North Carolina4530.71%387,402
Mississippi4631.15%108,393
Nevada4732.26%115,706
Wyoming4832.97%21,562
Alabama4933.24%233,201
Texas5034.38%1,223,117
Georgia5134.95%462,803
National5224.58%9,897,868

Youth with MDE who Did Not Receive Mental Health Services

56.1% of youth with major depression did not receive any mental health treatment. This was defined as receiving treatment or counseling from a medical doctor or other professional or receiving medication for MDE.

In 2022, 48.3% of youth with MDE reported an unmet need for treatment. The main reason youth reported not receiving care was they felt they should have been able to handle their mental health on their own (86.9%). That was followed by being worried what people would think or say if they got treatment (59.8%), being worried that the information they shared would not be kept private (57.8%), and not knowing how or where to get treatment (55.5%).

The state prevalence of untreated youth with depression ranges from 31.50% in the District of Columbia to 82.10% in South Dakota.

StateRankPercentageNumber
District of Columbia131.50%2,000
Maine234.60%6,000
Louisiana338.90%31,000
Illinois439.30%79,000
Idaho542.60%14,000
Rhode Island643.20%8,000
Oregon744.70%37,000
Maryland846.00%49,000
Massachusetts946.10%35,000
Montana1046.60%9,000
Wisconsin1147.00%37,000
North Carolina1247.20%71,000
Wyoming1347.20%4,000
Utah1447.90%24,000
Florida1549.70%155,000
Iowa1651.20%28,000
Ohio1752.00%97,000
Colorado1852.90%64,000
Connecticut1953.00%24,000
New Hampshire2053.00%11,000
Vermont2153.00%3,000
Missouri2253.30%65,000
Georgia2353.70%75,000
Pennsylvania2453.70%104,000
Washington2554.00%79,000
Kentucky2654.10%32,000
Virginia2754.50%75,000
Michigan2855.70%71,000
New Jersey2956.40%71,000
Mississippi3056.60%26,000
Oklahoma3156.60%28,000
Delaware3256.80%9,000
West Virginia3357.10%14,000
New York3457.20%149,000
Arkansas3558.30%24,000
Alabama3658.70%42,000
North Dakota3761.30%9,000
California3862.40%346,000
Tennessee3962.40%69,000
Minnesota4063.50%70,000
Nebraska4165.10%24,000
Indiana4266.40%65,000
Alaska4366.70%9,000
Kansas4466.70%34,000
Arizona4567.20%101,000
Texas4667.60%284,000
South Carolina4767.70%39,000
New Mexico4869.60%31,000
Hawaii4969.90%8,000
Nevada5073.70%47,000
South Dakota5182.10%8,000
National5256.10%2,793,000

Youth with Private Insurance That Did Not Cover Mental or Emotional Problems

Nationally, 8.5% of youth who are covered under private insurance do not have coverage for mental or emotional difficulties – totaling over 1 million youth.

The state prevalence of youth lacking mental health coverage ranges from 2.30% in Connecticut to 17.00% in Mississippi.

StateRankPercentageNumber
Connecticut12.30%4,000
Maine22.70%1,000
Kansas33.90%5,000
South Dakota44.90%2,000
New Hampshire55.30%3,000
District of Columbia65.50%1,000
New York75.60%36,000
Minnesota86.00%18,000
Vermont96.00%1,000
Illinois106.10%35,000
Wyoming116.10%2,000
Indiana126.20%20,000
Iowa136.30%9,000
New Mexico146.30%3,000
New Jersey156.50%24,000
Virginia166.50%23,000
Colorado176.70%16,000
California186.80%95,000
Utah196.80%15,000
Washington206.80%22,000
Idaho216.90%6,000
Alaska227.20%1,000
Rhode Island237.20%2,000
Oregon247.40%11,000
Alabama257.50%11,000
North Dakota267.60%2,000
Florida277.70%48,000
Wisconsin287.70%20,000
Ohio298.00%39,000
Pennsylvania308.20%40,000
Hawaii318.30%4,000
Nebraska328.30%8,000
Oklahoma339.00%9,000
Missouri349.10%20,000
Montana359.20%4,000
Massachusetts369.40%28,000
Louisiana379.60%10,000
Georgia3810.40%42,000
Michigan3910.40%40,000
Kentucky4010.70%15,000
Texas4110.90%112,000
West Virginia4211.20%6,000
Delaware4312.00%5,000
Maryland4413.60%36,000
Tennessee4514.00%29,000
Arkansas4614.10%12,000
North Carolina4714.20%55,000
Arizona4814.80%30,000
Nevada4914.80%18,000
South Carolina5015.90%26,000
Mississippi5117.00%12,000
National528.50%1,039,000

Students (K+) Identified with Emotional Disturbance for an Individualized Education Program

Only .667% of students are identified as having an Emotional Disturbance (ED) for an Individualized Education Program (IEP).

For purposes of an IEP, the term “Emotional Disturbance” is used to define youth with a mental or behavioral health condition that is affecting their educational performance.

The rate for this measure is shown as a rate per 1,000 students.

The calculation was made this way for ease of reading. Unfortunately, doing so hides the fact that the percentages are significantly lower.

The state rate of students identified as having an emotional disturbance for an IEP ranges from 28.01 per 1,000 students in Vermont to 1.55 per 1,000 students in Alabama.

StateRankPercentageNumber
Vermont128.012,122
Massachusetts219.0316,978
Minnesota31916,074
Pennsylvania415.1625,547
Maine513.972,342
Wisconsin613.0910,111
Indiana711.1511,294
North Dakota810.981,269
New Hampshire910.791,774
Connecticut1010.295,090
Rhode Island119.951,337
South Dakota129.391,301
Nebraska139.172,840
Illinois148.7815,585
Oregon158.624,762
Delaware168.031,117
Ohio177.7912,742
Texas187.639,911
Missouri197.476,401
Michigan207.3810,245
Virginia217.088,676
New York226.7316,536
Wyoming236.49595
District of Columbia246.46511
Mississippi256.312,726
Kentucky266.173,910
Arizona276.096,781
New Mexico285.811,771
Alaska295.73731
Colorado305.624,710
Maryland315.494,717
Oklahoma325.433,603
Montana335.27789
Georgia345.178,792
Kansas354.942,290
New Jersey364.756,226
Washington374.624,939
Hawaii384.55768
Idaho394.081,280
Florida404.0111,263
Nevada413.861,823
California423.6921,573
Tennessee433.313,224
West Virginia443.22761
North Carolina452.934,439
South Carolina462.471,886
Louisiana472.451,700
Utah482.381,610
Arkansas492.04970
Alabama501.551,127
Iowa51**
National526.67320,828

Mental Health Workforce Availability

In the U.S., there are 340 individuals for every one mental health provider. The term “mental health provider” includes psychiatrists, psychologists, licensed clinical social workers, counselors, marriage and family therapists, and advanced practice nurses specializing in mental health care.

As of March 2024, over 122 million people lived in a mental health workforce shortage area, and only 27% of the mental health need in shortage areas was being met by mental health providers. Over the next 15 years, the National Center for Health Workforce Analysis has projected increasing shortages for several behavioral health providers, including psychologists, psychiatrists, and mental health and addiction counselors.

The state rate of mental health workforce ranges from 140:1 in Massachusetts to 800:1 in Alabama.

StateRankNumber
Massachusetts1140:1
Alaska2150:1
District of Columbia3160:1
Oregon4160:1
Maine5190:1
Vermont6190:1
Connecticut7220:1
Rhode Island8220:1
Washington9220:1
Colorado10230:1
New Mexico11230:1
California12240:1
Oklahoma13240:1
Utah14270:1
Wyoming15270:1
Montana16280:1
New Hampshire17280:1
New York18300:1
Louisiana19310:1
Maryland20310:1
Delaware21320:1
Michigan22320:1
Minnesota23320:1
Nebraska24330:1
Ohio25330:1
Illinois26340:1
North Carolina27340:1
Hawaii28350:1
Kentucky29370:1
New Jersey30370:1
Arkansas31390:1
Pennsylvania32400:1
Idaho33420:1
Nevada34420:1
Wisconsin35420:1
Missouri36430:1
Kansas37450:1
Virginia38450:1
South Dakota39460:1
North Dakota40470:1
South Carolina41490:1
Mississippi42500:1
Florida43510:1
Indiana44530:1
Iowa45530:1
Tennessee46560:1
Arizona47590:1
Georgia48600:1
West Virginia49620:1
Texas50690:1
Alabama51800:1
National52340:1